Justice in V for Vendetta Essay

pile rabbit warren Pike Essay question How far and in what counsellings has a writer presented justice as an important concept? Refer in detail to any work of literature you energize studied. Justice is bingle of the fundamental principles upon which builds a nation. V for Vendetta conveys justice as fairness. V for Vendetta is a film based on a brilliant novel written by Alan Moore and David Lloyd in 1982. Through the plot and motifs presented in the film, we gain insights into the idea of justice. Several char benders in the bosh bring the juxtaposing panoramas of V? exertion, while V sets the conflict between fascism and anarchism.The director, James McTeigue leaves V? s act of justice in the film unjustified, and guides the audience to interpret it themselves. The initiative scenes of the film accentuate justice through a voice over, this voiceover non only retells the accounting of Guy Fawkes, but to a fault sheds light onto the revisionism of V. V as the protagonist in the film, is critical to the representation of justice, because the film portrays the definition of justice through V? s actions. The Guy Fawkes cover depicts the primary(prenominal) adumbration of justice in the film.Guy Fawkes was involved in the pulverization Plot in 1605. The Gunpowder plot was a group of Catholics attempting to misfortune up the Houses of Parliament. V? s impulsion in the film is to crush the central criminal court, the Old Bailey. V wears a Guy Fawkes mask throughout the film, non only to hide his identity, but also to lead the idea of being a superhero to the audience. The Guy Fawkes mask is not a V? s privileged weapon. In the scenes of the Shadow Gallery, the point of view shot of V erosion his mask gives the audience the feeling of wearing the masks themselves.V also shares the masks with the earth and invites them to attend the 5th November protest. The mask is a representation of political justice. These scenes suggest to the audience that all race should have the right to fight for political justice. This is also supported through the history allusion of the Gunpowder plot, where Guy Fawkes was brave enough to stand up against the presidential term. The anon. V attempts to annihilate the Norse turn on dictatorship by killing several members of the party.James McTeigue illustrates the British government as fascist through the naming the disparate bodies of the government. The Eyes? are referred to the surveillance organizations, The Nose? to the detectives, The Mouth to the propaganda and The Finger to the fingermen. V kills The voice of London, Lewis Pr differentol. Protherol? s rant on V suggests to the general that no on escapes judgement, which is irony to himself getting killed after. On one hand, it was an act of personal justice, because Protherol was a commander in the Larkhill detention camp.On the other hand, Protherol was one the main propaganda creators, a part of The Mouth. The motif of fire strengthen s the idea of justice in the scenes of Larkhill. This fire was first introduced in the fount scenes of V. A fiery, sharp blaze swoops across the screen, drawing the letter of V?. The fire symbolizes destruction, pettishness, and also passion. The destruction was the tough acts V was going to do, anger was V being tortured in Larkhill, passion was V enjoying the violent acts.V for Vendetta allows audience to justify the morality of V? action and to identify the British government as a functional institution. The story of Larkhill is told to the audience through the quest of unearthing V? s past. Detective Finch investigates Dr. Surridge? s diary and reveals to the audience how V was taught to obey orders through violence. The same way V pursues justice by killing people who were involved in the Larkhill detention camp. Through the voice of V, the dustup given by V on British Televison Network further advocates the idea that all people should have the right to fight for political justice.V? s speech is also invigorated through a piece of artwork he had in the shadow gallery A mirror with carved Latin words Vi Veri Vniversum Vivus Vici? This not only suits V? s revere of words starting with the letter V, but also em causalitys the power of truth. V? s speech on British Television Network accuses the public of bowing down to the High Chancellor Sutler, allowing fear to be the government? s biggest weapon. V fought for fairness because he though People should not be afraid of their government, the government should be afraid of their people?V alleged the government of oppressing the people, and justice should be attained through the power of the people. This justice he is suggesting to the people is not violence, but is the power of the truth. V destroys the Old Bailey not only to get attention but also to prove to the public how vulnerable the government may be. Scenes on the jacket crown with Evey, with the background unison of parts of the 1812 Tchaiskov sky, suggest to the audience that V was enjoying it and treated it as a musical performance. On the other hand, he broadcasted the music to the public through the public surveillance speakers.

Discuss how far you agree with this argument Essay

These all create tension besides none of these are in f make up the real dramatic closing of The crucible. The real dramatic orgasm of The crucible is when Elizabeth says that observe did not hallow lechery, which watch over had already confessed but Elizabeth was un-aware of this. But the build up to this was what in reality made this scene such a strong climax. After watch had confessed, Abigail denied it so Danforth tested follows belief when he said, In her life, sir, she declare never lied.There are them that cannot sing, and them that cannot weep- my wife cannot lie. I suck in paid so much to learn it, sir. Tension is built up as proctor convinces Danforth that his wife cannot lie, what alike creates tension was when Danforth ordered proctor and Abigail to turn their backs so that when Elizabeth came in she could not look at her keep up or Abigails face to get a clue of what she mustiness say. When she does come into the room she is asked, has canful admonis her ever committed the wickedness of lechery and she replied No, sir. To save her husbands god name.She had lied to Danforth, which made Proctor seem as though he were lying, not only to the high court, but also to god. This was not accept equal in Puritan Salem. The nett act of The Crucible, it is known as the falling point. This means that it is usually where the problems in the romance are resolved. This act could be considered more dramatic than coif trio, but this is not true. As Act three contains he dramatic climax that made bum Proctor worse off than he was at the beginning. It could be argued that this act also has a dramatic climax, when John Proctor confessed to witchcraft.But this was not as dramatic as the climax in Act three because the protagonist was still convicted of witchcraft due to his actions, so this made little or no impact on the final outcome. It soon becomes quite clear that Act cardinal is not somewhat John Proctor being persuaded to confess, bu t about his close blood with his dear wife, Elizabeth. With comparison to Act two when John Proctor and Elizabeth had the argument. This Act is much calmer and shows that the Proctors can talk in a civil way and are emotionally attracted to each other.In this act Proctor puts his children first when he confesses as he does not sine qua non them to have to grow up without a father figure in their life. But soon during the confession Danforth asks for too much when he asks John Proctor to sign the confession. Proctor soon gains his own opinion and realises that formerly he signs this confession he and his family will not be able to put out properly they will always be under suspicion. John Proctor wishes to die as a martyr and not live the rest of his life in shame so he tries to have his confession removed by testing the nerve of Danforth by taking away the confession and ripping it up.Danforth then tells the marshal to take Proctor away. Elizabeth comes running up to him and cr ies on his hand, but he says Give them no tears Tears pleasure them Show honour, show a stony heart and sink them with it He then kisses her passionately and goes. Then Danforth says angrily Hang them high over the town Who weeps for these, weeps for corruption Therefore, John Proctor dies as a hero, which ends the play very well, as it ends on a proud note. Because John Proctor dies with pride knowing that Another judgement awaits us all In conclusion, Act three is the dramatic climax of the crucible, as all the tension built up in earlier act is all released in this act, which creates a greater climax. Act four is not the dramatic climax because the peak at Act three which was the dramatic climax made sure that it was more dramatic than every other Act. In Act four it was just calming everything trim down after the climax, but Act fours climax was min compared to Act three. Act four stop the play superbly, as Proctor the protagonist did not finish as the enemy but the marty r, and Danforth ended as the enemy.

Growth Mindset Essay

Asking Effective QuestionsProblem solvent Approach in mathsssematics screenroom because it engages student in inquiry, move them to build on and improve their current knowledge as they shape explanations and swear out them solve tasks at hand. In a Constructivist classroom students atomic heel 18 knock againstn as the ones who be actively creating their testify knowledge. This is through by dint of questioning to hI need respect, motivation, encouragement, determination, to have confidence in your students.8 Tips for Effective Questioning1. Anticipate Student Thinking (plan the doable questions to stimulate sentiment and deepen student ground2. Link to development Goals3. sic open ended questions 0 religious service build students self-confidence, help them respond at their own stage of development and bothow for specialtyInvitational stems that use plural forms and exploratory language invite reflection. Huinker and Freckman (2004, p. 256) put forward the fol lowing examples As you think close Given what you know about In regard to the decisions you made From previous work with students When you think about..As you bring In what ways In your training Take a minute.4. Pose Questions that actually need to be answered5. Incorporate verbs that sex higher levels of vertexs Taxonomy Verbs such as connect, elaborate, evaluate and justify prompt students to communi- cate their persuasion and sense, to deepen their understanding and to extend their erudition. Huinker and Freckman (2004, p. 256) provide a list of verbs that elicit specific cognitive processes to engage thinking observe nonice call contrast interpretevaluate summarize visualize (see) fulfil issue distinguishdecide identify compare predict explain answer infer relate consider describe6. Pose Questions that Open up conversations to include others.7. Keep Questions Neutral8. Provide Wait Time (use strategies such as turn and talk, think-pair-share and round robin to give s tudents magazine to suppose and clarify their thinkingMs battle of Hastings does use different instructional Strategies. She builds strong relationships with her students, set high expectations for performance and has a good understanding of their ineluctably to reach achiever in her classroom.Ms Hastings premier(prenominal) has a strong precept in the Growth Mindset by setting high expectations and demo student they raft learn as opposed to the judgment of every you are good at math or not. instructor shows students how they discount succeed and achieve with application and experience. Their language and actions make it clear that the past does not dictate the future. If a instructor promotes the growth mind-set, they can cerebrate students on self-development, self-motivation and responsibility and help them develop the mental determination to pass off to improve. She clearly sets objectives and provides feedback to her students to help them progress. By reinforcing effort and providing recognition, students believe they can succeed. These strategies all provide students with the belief that they can positively affect their skillShe in any case uses various strategies to promote thinking and learning in the classroom. She uses cooperative learning, uses powerful questioning and graphic organizers. She uses team building exercises and forms a base concourse, in which they learn and work together for the semester.In exercise the Capacity expression Monograph in Asking Effective Questions in math in showed how you can change Learning to becoming something you get for a short time to permananence and building a deeper understanding. In Ms. Hastings class, the 8 tips provided in this monograph are great strategies being used in Ms. Hastings class. One of the near grave influences in student execution is the relationship between teacher and students (Hattlie, 2009). By Ms. Hastings telling success stories this provides encouragement to he r students.Ms. Hastings class is preparing her students with the skills of the 21st light speed Learner. She is doing this by helping her students set personalised learning goals, self- assessment for understanding, therefore, making learning permanent, accessing tools and resources for enhancing their understanding and exploitation their learning in rich meaningful tasks in real-world contexts. These students leave behind learn problem-solving, critical thinking and using their prior knowledge and skills to take to them to new situations.Two quarrels face by adolescents is the belief they are not good at math, therefore, relegate it challenging and are less tenanted in math class. The minute challenge is to make math learning become permanent through with(predicate) student engagement. This means using instructional Strategies to ensure students are engaged in their own learning and self-assessment.One of the challenges faced by adolescents is the belief they are not goo d at math. This may be imparted by their parents belief they were not good at mathematics and do not ask more from their children. There needs to be a shift from this belief from all adults involved. They must recognize and affirm the sizeableness of mathematical literacy for all. In the Ministrys Numeracy Report (2004), students need the ability to hump with thefundamental notions of number and change in order to make horse sense of mathematical information presented in everyday contexts (Paulos, 1988, pg.). Mathematical literacy in important for both employment and post-secondary admissions. Therefore, as teachers, we need to take advantage of the superabundant opportunities for fostering mathematical literacy across the plan. As with Ms. Hastings, has a strong belief in the Growth Mindset by setting high expectations and showing student they can learn as opposed to the belief of either you are good at math or not.Teacher shows students how they can succeed and achieve throug h application and experience. Their words and actions make it clear that the past does not dictate the future. If a teacher promotes the growth mind-set, they can focus students on self-development, self-motivation and responsibility and help them develop the mental determination to continue to improve. She clearly sets objectives and provides feedback to her students to help them progress. By reinforcing effort and providing recognition, students believe they can succeed. These strategies all provide students with the belief that they can positively affect their learningShe also uses various strategies to promote thinking and learning in the classroom. She uses cooperative learning, uses effective questioning and graphic organizers. She uses teambuilding exercises and forms a base group, in which they learn and work together for the semester.The second challenge faced by adolescent if to ensure their learning has permanence. This is done through strong conceptual foundations in mat h and ample opportunities for students to debate their knowledge. I also believe that as teachers we need to use effective instructional strategies to emphasize student ability to think, use problem-solving skills and build on prior knowledge. Ms. Hastings uses various strategies to promote thinking and learning in the classroom. She uses cooperative learning, uses effective questioning and graphic organizers. She uses team building exercises and forms a base group, in which they learn and work together for the semester.In reading the Capacity Building Monograph in Asking Effective Questions in Mathematics in showed how you can change Learning to becoming something you get for a short time to permanence and building a deeper understanding. In Ms. Hastings class, the 8 tips provided in this monograph are great strategies being used in Ms. Hastings class. One of the most important influences in student achievement is the relationship between teacher and students (Hattlie, 2009). By M s. Hastings telling success stories this provides encouragement to her students.Ms. Hastings class is preparing her students with the skills of the 21st Century Learner. She is doing this by helping her students set personal learning goals, self-assessment for understanding, therefore, making learning permanent, accessing tools and resources for enhancing their understanding and using their learning in rich meaningful tasks in real-world contexts. These students will learn problem-solving, critical thinking and using their prior knowledge and skills to apply them to new situations. To be able to prepare our students as 21st Century Learners, we need to increase our math competence through professional learning to be more effective.The Expert Panels Report on Student mastery in Ontario Mathematical Literacy, Grades 7-12 (May 2004) looked at at- bump mathematical learners and came up with a number of themesEffective teaching and learning begins with the needs to the adolescent learne rs and have a good understanding of their development stages Connect the learning in math to the lives of the students (having rich meaningful tasks that connect to real-life contexts) Ensuring they have a strong conceptual foundations to be able to apply their knowledge and continue their learning Instructional learning strategies empahisize problem solving and building and ones own understandings To improve students performance, teachers need to link instruction more closely to assessmentMore professional learning opportunities for teachers to strengthen their competence in math Technology to support learning and have more accessibility to students who are struggling in math Also extra support forat risk students to close the gap Strong leadership and strong planning to create an effective learning environment in which all the needs of the students are met and success is promoted.2. Changing Climate Transforming Classroom Culture Dan Myer inquiry Based LearningBeing interest in students thinkingHow my teachers see them in a sincere way and shed the idea of overbearing the process Bring the student who are not strong in the foundationsGains in achievement multimedia helped students who are identified at risk or LD Teach as we are taught, memorization, calculations, learning formulas, doing math and queryM.J. Hobbs Senior P.S. DI 7-8Differentiated Instruction and problem solving by group readiness Individual Accountability in group work manufacture a positive work environmentGroup work looks standardized, sounds like anchor charts with clear understanding of expectations Participate in work that is loving and challengingCentennial S.S. HPEDSB Differentiating Instruction Secondary Think-Pair-ShareMathematical QuestionsJustify using mathematical vocabularyLearning Centres give students choice, work collaboratively and related to hand on materials and manipulatives based on their strengths (observe the kids first to see how they are learning Use the entry point depending on their strengths and how they learn to work towards the curriculum expectations Use of different strategies and connect using different means to discuss their learning Data given for Problem SolvingExit card game to demonstrate learning in a differentiated environment to take responsibility on teaching the students how they learn DI planning for kids based on grouping on kids strengths and needs.

History of the Beer Growler Essay

Introduction I. Attention-getter Does anyone go what the term Growler means and how it relates to beer? (merriam-webster. com) A container for beer bought by the measure (can, pitcher, bottle, etc) II. Thesis dictation Beer is drank everyday in the United States, without a single consideration of the vessels they enumerate in or how they came to be. III. Preview of Main Points Today were going to discuss, when the growler offset emerged, how it got its name, and the common day growler. Transition Starting with my commencement ceremony point, when growlers first appeared.1. The first growlers are believed to have emerged in the mid 1800s. A. The consumer wanted to drink beer at home, and during lunch breaks at work. B. They were the only way to have beer outside of the barroom or local tavern C. Growlers varied from glass, to pottery, to the most popular beness a 2qt galvanized pail with lid. D. (focusonthebeer. com) they were sold as a pint, and modify 1/2 beer, and 1/2 foam . . Transition Now that we have discussed when they emerged, allows talk about how they got their name.2. The term growler is actually up for some(a) debate. A. Some believe it was sound of CO2 escaping from the lid of the pail. B. Others believe it was grumbling of the stomachs of workers waiting to have beer during lunch. C. (bottles. net) Many also believe it was conflict among the bartender, and the customer. The customer was growling about not having a full pail, and the bartender was growling about only having to charge for a pint. Transition eventually we are going to discuss the common day growler. 3.It wasnt until 1989 when it emerged again, in what we are familiar with today in terms of the growler A. (beeradvocate. com) In 1989 Charlie Otto is being credited for what we see in todays growler B. (grandteton create from raw material. com) formerly Otto brothers brewing company Otto wanted to allow his customers to take beer home and enjoy it. C. after discussing this wi th his father, his father told him he needs a growler, which his father remembers getting filled for his father. D. Common day growler is a glass jug with a subtle handle.Often times with the Brewery label silk screened on the bottle Conclusion A. check over of Main Points Today we have went over when the growler emerged, how it got its name, and the common day growler. B. residual message Today the growler is particularly popular with the craft beer breweries it is believed to have stop over 1 billion bottles, and cans going into the trash each year. References extension 1 Merriam-Webster, 2013. Definition of the word Growler. Available from Merriam-Webster via internet (http//www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/growler).extraction 2 IGrind, November 12, 2011. The Growler Part 1 The Past. Available via the internet (http//www. focusonthebeer. com/2011/11/growler-part-1-past. html) computer address 3 Jess Kidden, 2013. History of the Growler Available via the internet (http// www. bottless. net/The_History_of_The_Beer_Growler_s/605. htm) Source 4 BeerAdvocate, July 31, 2002. The Growler Beer-to-Go Available via the internet (http//beeradvocate. com/articles/384) Source 5 Grand Teton Brewing, Growler History. Available via the internet (http//www. grandtetonbrewing. com/Growlers. html).

Nutrition on Academic Performance

April Creed April 12, 2012 GWRTC 103 prof Critzer The Effect of food and Fitness on pedantic Performance The wellness and boilers suit fitness of adolescents and savants has taken a radical turn in the nigh recent decades. Each year the overall body raft index of this caseicular group of individuals is steadily increasing. It look onms to many that ones wellness is a vital subprogram in success, especially in the pedantician realm. Research was conducted to see whether this slight decrease of fitness and health has an impact on a savants schoolman mental process (Burkhalter 201).A broad range of sources was utilized to find other(a) factors that played a role in academic writ of execution such as family demeanor and sleep habits. The search was then strictly narrowed work through to the screw of pabulum and fitness on scholastic capital punishment. By the end of the investigating, it was appoint that nutrition is vital to forefront functioning and cognition. The main point that was targeted became stand issueped meals are the largest cause of un salubrious habits in a students academic career, but this can be prevented by providing more food options for students and as well by non having oper fitted classes during meal hours.This seems identical a commonplace issue and obvious topic, but this simple subject can incur a huge impact on the lives of our adolescents, but more importantly the future of our country. Children, adolescents, and unseasoned adults are constantly bombarded with assessments, evaluations, and exams that test their knowledge. All of these, unite with everyday lectures and turn overing, form to make what society knows as give lessons. In at onces culture, from roughly four years old until nearly 23 years old, schooling (pre-school, elementary school, middle school, high school, and college) is a young mortals career.It is a fourth dimension consuming process that involves dedication and dedicatio n. Many factors play a role in how well a student performs. The most thought of, and prominent factors whitethorn include family life, time dedicated to studying, sleep habits, and the teachers or professors energy to relay information. One study, conducted by A. H. Eliassion, investigated the relative importance of total sleep time compared to a college students academic performance (Eliasson 71). The results proved that those with the highest academic performance had importantly earlier bedtimes and wake times (73).It was found that students could improve their academic performance by targeting their sleep habits (73). other study conducted by Wanda Williams in 1995 investigated parent-child relationships in correlation with academic achievement (Williams 3). The results from this survey chargeed that the main contribution to a students success is family life and parent involvement (14). A few other factors that people sometimes do not think of of may include nutrition, alime nt, and visible activity. According to Websters dictionary, nutrition most clearly means, The act of nourishing or being nourished. The verge fodder may include definitions that of, Food and drink regularly provided or consumed, or, popular nourishment, and the term physical fitness (or exercise) is known as, Bodily exertion for the pursuit of modernizeing and maintaining physical fitness. Some may argue that poor academic performance could in turn lead to poor habits in health that the stress and pressure placed on young people causes them to look out over their fitness and well-being. On the contrast, maybe this theory is completely opposite.In this paper I will attempt to answer the foreland does nutrition and fitness break an effect on a students academic performance, and, if so, how? From eat consumption and sports involvement to the nub of television watched and family involvement, everything plays a vital role in a students success. Even things that seem so minor can piss a profound impact on the long-term accomplishments in young peoples lives. wellnessy habits in nutrition, victuals, and fitness sop up a positive impact on a students academic performance.Skipped meals are the largest cause of unhealthy habits in a students academic career, but this can be prevented by providing more food options for students and withal by not having available classes during meal hours. Conducted at the infancy of this subject was an experiment by Toni Burkhalter and Charles Hillman. This explore began because these two were interested and shocked by the consistently increasing BMI (body clutch index) in children and adolescents crossways every demographic in the United States (Burkhalter 201). Their terminal was to target energy stirring in comparison with scholastic performance.Burkhalter and Hillman specify energy intake as nutrient intake, body mass, and physical activity. by means of interrogation they discovered and confirmed that nutritio n substantially influences both the exploitation and health of brain structure and function (204). Providing the proper building blocks for the brain to create and maintain connections is critical for improved cognition (mental processes) and academic performance. Their investigation verified that an increase of physical activity participation leads to an increase in cognitive health and function (206).Many people hear the cliche lectures about eating healthy, maintaining a stable nutriment, and practicing regular exercise. But most do not realize that these habits play a crucial role in brain functioning. The brain intakes and retains the most information in a persons adolescent years, so it is vital to create a premier(a) environment in your body for acquire. There are some who appertain academic performance to breakfast habits. Throughout our lives we hear doctors, teachers, and parents stress that breakfast is the most important meal of the day.People will argue that it sta rts ones day, gets ones metabolism going, and provides the nutrition necessary for a healthy day and lifestyle. It has been proved that children adopt optimal nutrient intake to satisfy the basic demands of growth and development. Gail Rampersaud, M. S. , and Mark Pereira, Ph. D. , attempted to find supporting express of this claim, and conducted a study in 2005. They found that over 59% of students skip breakfast more than three times a week, and that as a students age increased, so did their habit of skipping breakfast (Rampersaud 745).After analyze various age groups, they compared breakfast eating habits to their overall academic performance. contiguous, the students were precondition a variety of standardized and customized tests (745). The results showed that breakfast eaters not only had a higher average on the assessments, but similarly had amend school attendance and less tardies (751). This study was difficult because people scram a very hazy and different stand ard and definition of breakfast. Some suasion it as a glass of milk, some mass it as an apple, others see it as a bowl of cereal, and some have a cattle farm consisting of bacon, eggs, hash browns, ham, and toast in their mind.Either way, it was determined to be anything you intake as nutrition at the beginning of your day. There is substantial evidence that breakfast consumption is associated with health and wellbeing of children and adolescents, and these benefits apply to a wider age range, as well as other demographic and socioeconomic groups. There is in any case a great deal of evidence that breakfast eaters have overall healthier lifestyles and better health (diet and exercise) habits. Some claim that students should be able to schedule and maintain their own nutritional habits.But others, like Cathy Estes, agree that this lifestyle needs to be a co-effort between students, parents, and teachers. She says that, Student responsibility doesnt honest happen. Teachers and p arents must expect it, model it and nurture it. An optimal educational matter depends on collaboration between teachers, parents and students (Estes 1). It needs to be something that both parties view as a necessary end. Students can have good intentions, but faculty and staff at the schools need to support these intentions.Arranging more suitable class times and a better variety of nutritional foods can easily do this. Another study conducted by Florence, MD sought to target not in force(p) the nutrition aspect, but the overall diet eccentric and academic performance correlation (Florence 209). The study concluded the following results Students with decreased overall diet quality were significantly more likely to perform poorly on the assessment. Girls performed better than boys as did children from socioeconomically advantaged families. Children attending better schools and living in wealthy neighborhoods also performed better.Conclusions These findings demonstrate an associa tion between diet quality and academic performance and identify specific dietary factors that contribute to this association. Additionally, this research supports the broader implementation and investment in effective school nutrition programs that have the potential to improve student access to healthy food choices, diet quality, academic performance, and, over the long term, health (Florence 209). According to the previous study performed by Rampersaud, breakfast plays a vital role in diet quality.This is another important aspect for dedicated times for eating. Breakfast is not going to be a high priority for a student if his/her class falls in that time frame. Not only do both of the studies support each other, but they also tie in other aspects that could affect academic performance, like family life. This study tries to emphasize that the term academic achievement isnt measured by tests alone, but also by attendance, attentiveness, and involvement (212). They also stated that f ruit and vegetable intake had a significant impact on memory and overall learning (213).Finally, the studys results showed that undernourished potents were twice as likely to snuff it an assessment as undernourished females. A sub question that may be necessary to add the research question is this do sex activity differences have an affect an effect on academic performance? Sayid Ghazvini answers this question with his research. He stated that his primary goal was to Find gender differences in factors affecting academic performance of high school students (Ghazvini 1041). He had many different aspects involving academic performance. While his results showed no significant difference in the overall achievement of the students, there were differences in the many features connected with his fantasy of academic performance (1043) Results show the existence of gender difference in variables under consideration, with girls showing internal locus of control, using attitude, motivatio n, time management, anxiety, and self-testing strategies more extensively, and getting better marks in Literature. With boys using concentration, information touch and selecting main ideas strategies more, and getting better marks in mathematics (1043).As we see, male and females seem to have the same overall results. This gender factor belike does not have a significant impact on the nutrition and fitness study, but can be noted when taking a closer look at the details that combine to form out term academic achievement/performance. Some critics say that students should be held solely responsible for their extracurricular activities, including eating, watching television, exercising, and studying. But studies show that when a person is considered an adult, their brain is becalm developing.They still need charge and guidance in different aspects of their life. Researcher, Craig Bennett, stated that, Humans foolt really develop the ability to handle multiple pieces of informatio n at once until about the ages of 16 or 17. The brain of an 18-year-old college freshman is still far from resembling the brain of someone in their mid-twenties (Than 2). Healthy habits dont just come naturally, they take time and dedication to develop and maintain. Another study done by Jane Edwards attempted to target physical activity in relation to academic performance (Edwards 65).This experiment was conducted on sixth graders in a Midwest City school district. It was her goal to compare physical activity, overall fitness, and body mass index of 800 students. Next she matched these results with standardized test scores. To measure physical activity and fitness, Edwards set up a variety of physical tasks (curl ups, pushups, mile run) and included the students weight and height. In the end, she found that the healthier, more physically fit students performed better on their standardized tests.Edwards, like Rampersaud and Florence, also included other variables in her study. She pointed out the significance of breakfast consumption as well. Also, she brought in other lifestyle habits like the amount of television watched and extracurricular activity involvement. This amount of exercise is vital to a students healthy lifestyle. mould should become a requirement at schools and colleges. It is proven to affect their academic performance, so why shouldnt academic grading also require some sort of workout in a students daily routine?A journal published by Taras H, a professor at the University of California, noted the association between nutrition and a students performance at school (Taras 200). Taras broke down the term nutrition into four sub-categories food inadequateness, iron privation and supplementation, deficiency and supplementation of micronutrients, and the importance of breakfast (201). Research shows that children with iron deficiencies are at a disadvantage academically. Their cognitive performance improved with iron therapy. cognitive performa nce is a students ability to obtain and line knowledge.Again, breakfast consumption demonstrates to be a vital aspect of a young persons health. A healthy lifestyle not only consists of a certain number of meals a day, but also various types of nourishment and physical activity. It was also found that food insufficiency is a serious issue that affects a childs ability to learn. Finally, after surveying and undernourished population, a breakfast program was initiated, and digest showed that academic performance and cognitive functioning significantly increased. As it has been proven through countless studies, many things contribute to academic achievement.But the main issue that related to students health is skipped meals and lack of exercise. To many, these seem like easy to target problems. But why is the problem consistently declivity? Because no one is taking initiative to find solutions. The most achievable and reasonable solution is to incorporate a greater variety of food options (in the healthier realm) for students/adolescents, not schedule classes or other activities during meal hours, and have a mandatory tentative exercise schedule as part of a students academic career. Words Cited Burkhalter, Toni M. , and Charles H.Hillman. A report Review of Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Obesity to Cognition and Scholastic Performance across the Human Lifespan. Advances in Nutrition 2. 2 (2011) 201-06. Web. 19 Mar. 2012. Edwards, Jane U. Relationship of Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviors and Fitness Measures to Academic Performance for Sixth Graders in a Midwest City School District. Journal of School Health 81. 2 (2011) 65-69. SPORTDiscus. Web. 19 Mar. 2012. Eliasson, Arne H. Early to Bed, Early to Rise Sleep Habits and Academic Performance in College Students. Sleep and Breathing 14. (2009) 71-75. ScienceDirect. Web. 19 Mar. 2012. Estes, Cathy. Student duty Needs to Benurtured. LasVegasSun. com. 8 Apr. 2009. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. http//www. las vegassun. com/news/2009/apr/08/student-responsibility-needs-be-nurtured/. Florence, M. D. Diet reference and Academic Performance. Journal of School Health 78. 4 (2008) 209-215. CINAHL. Web. 19 Mar. 2012. Ghazyini, Sayid D. gender Differences in Factors Affecting Academic Performance of High School Students. third World Conference on Educational Sciences 15. 3 (2011) 1040-045. ScienceDirect.

Bowling for Columbine Is Not a Documentary Essay

Michael Moores Bowling for Columbine, the film which won an Oscar for best documentary, is non in fact a documentary, but preferably more of a persuasive essay in film format. The wide accepted definition of documentary is a film emphasizing or expressing things as perceived with forth distortion of personal feelings, insertion of fictional matter, and stripped-down editting, and Bowling for Columbine does not show any of these characteristics. Instead of presenting a neutral placement of the issues, it is clearly biased and concludely manipulates the viewing audition into agreeing with Moores opinions.In the process, Moore frequently uses incorrect statistics and information. In some cases fabricated tell apart is also inserted. Documentaries should encounter close to no editing of the evidence, moreover in some cases Moore uses sly editing techniques to deceive the viewers. A prominent role model of this can be seen in Charlton Hestons speech. It appears as though the NR A president is holding protest r every(prenominal)ies in response to the gun related incidents in Columbine and Flint Michigan, holding a musket up and proclaiming I have only five words for you from my cold dead hands whilst the gathering cheers.Moore makes a point of cutting from scenes of heartbroken victims to Hestons arrogant speeches. The purpose of this is to demonize Heston, and also all the members of the NRA. He wants the earreach to perceive all gun lovers as heartless, selfish monsters. However on closer observation, it turns pop Moore simply grabbed segments from Hestons former speeches, splicing them together to form a new one, completely different from what the president had intended. Documentaries argon meant to lay out the truth, whilst here the film has morphed the truth into a lie instead.Going choke to the definition, Bowling for Columbine again falls short of being a documentary through its failure to include only correct, actual evidence. Moore chooses to use incorrect facts the national gun murder statistics that seem abnormally high atomic number 18 sourced from the National Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and is a combination of gun related and non gun related incidents, so is wherefore irrelevant to what the documentary was trying to say.The rockets shown in the Lockheed Martin sequences and being driven though the streets of Littleton in the night be in fact space set in motion vehicles, not weapons of mass destruction as Moore claims. These facts, false in nature, are again put there to distort the truth and make the viewers believe that things are more horrifying than they actually are, so that they are more susceptible to Moores mental manipulation. One of the fundamentals of a documentary is that it must present facts, and obviously Bowling for Columbine has not fulfilled that requirement.Throughout Bowling for Columbine, Moore presents an extremely biased view of events. Moore does everything in his power to manipulate viewers into see things from his eyes. Many are many persuasive techniques are used to achieve this. The film horrifies the audience with confronting scenes from the 9/11 attacks and the Columbine shooting. A Brief History of the States makes people see Americans as cowardly and pathetic. Charlton Hestons speech angers the audience and makes them turn against gun lovers.There are many more examples, however the point is that documentaries should be neutral and informative, yet the film actively tries to core the viewers to a narrow-minded conclusion. In summary, although Bowling for Columbine may be a creative persuasive film, it is most certainly not a documentary. Not only does the film fail to adhere in any way to the definition of a traditional documentary, it largely utilises jerry-built techniques to push Moores artificial and contrived point of view.

How does dispute resolution save school districts money?

School districts involve multi-party stakeholders holding different, although interrelated, interests that could brushwood and caexercising disputes. Disputes are costly by pulling time out-of-door from other management tasks and resources for dispute re settlement that could be of better use in development projects. Dispute resolution could usher cost savings, which is pregnant given the limited resources of check districts.One way of achieving cost savings through with(predicate) dispute resolution is the mitigation of the further impact of leaving a dispute to self-arrest or preventing the worsening of conditions. Dispute resolution manner getting at the core or root of the problem and applying the appropriate solution to stop the impact and prevent the development of more serious problems (Burgess & Burgess, 1997). Doing so means non incurring any additional costs from the all-embracing impact of disputes or the worsening of disputes.Another way of achieving cost savings via adjudicate disputes is by building better relations among the parties involved in managing school districts and affected by the actions and decisions of school district administrators. The dispute resolution growth reconciles differing interests to create collaborative relations (Deutsch, Coleman & Marcus, 2006). This settles the existing conflict and prevents future conflicts. This means cost savings on potential conflicts and non-realization of contingency plans that require expenditures.Still another(prenominal) way that dispute resolution saves school districts money is by enhancing the screw of school districts in recognizing potential disputes and applying the appropriate solutions (Deutsch et al. , 2006). This improves the efficiency of school districts not only in handling disputes but also in scheme development. Efficiency means cost effectiveness or optimized outcomes for every infix used. Dispute resolution ushers cost savings for school districts as a pro-activ e strategy that mitigates costs, prevents further costs, and allocates costs for appropriate solutions.ReferencesBurgess, H., & Burgess, G. M. (1997). Encyclopedia of conflict resolution. Santa Barbara, CA ABC-Clio Inc.Deutsch, M., Coleman, P. T., & Marcus, E. C. (2006). The handbook of conflict resolution. San Francisco, CA Jossey-Bass.

Speech Outline: How to Start an Iv

How to Start an IV Introduction Attention Getter How many another(prenominal) people here contract ever had to get an IV in the hospital? Was it a positive or negative meet for you? If you are one of the people that said yes then you know it can be a frightening and some clocks painful experience. What I am nigh to explain to you comes from my 8 years of experience as an jot fashion concur starting thousands of IVs. Some of the things I tell you could help you escort the process better and ease your anxiety for any future emergency room visit you or your loved one may have. particular purpose To demonstrate and explain the process of starting an IVCredibility As a registered nurse for eight years I start IVs on a daily basis and I am a resource nurse for nurses whose patients are difficult to start IVs on from pediatric to geriatric patients. dissertation Today I want to share my expertise on establishing intravenous access by explaining the process from preparation to disc ontinuing IV access. Body I. preparation A. Basic preparation/Standard precautions 1. Explain function 2. Wash work force 3. sacrifice gloves 4. Position patient 5. Procedure assistant (if needed) B. Locate vein 1. Apply tourniquet 2. Assess vein a. Length b. Depth c. circuit d. Fullness 3.Choose IV size 4. Remove tourniquet C. Pediatric local anesthetic 1. Time warranted 2. Topical EMLA Cream 3. Subcutaneous lidocaine II. Insertion (Demo) A. instal equipment 1. Set up supplies B. Insert IV 1. Clean site (Chlorhexadine) 2. beguilement 3. Insert angiocath a. 30 degree angle 4. Blood flash 5. roll catheter 6. Remove needle a. Apply impel 7. Attach T connector/extension tubing a. Secure device b. Apply tegaderm C. Assess noticeability 1. Blood collection a. Pull syringe (3 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL) b. have-to doe with tube holder 2. Saline flush a. Educate patient b. flush(p) 5-10 mL NS c. Assess flow and site III.Monitoring A. Ongoing assessment 1. s conclusion off site 2. Intact dressing 3. Intermittent flush 4. KVO fluids B. Infection cake 1. Hospital start 72 hours 2. Rescue start 24 hours 3. Signs of transmitting 4. Medication administration C. Discontinuing IV access 1. Explain procedure 2. Apply gloves 3. Remove tegaderm/tape 4. Remove angiocath 5. Assess angiocath 6. Apply gauze with pressure 7. Apply tape Conclusion Today I have show the process of starting an IV on a patient. As you have seen the procedure requires expert skill and precision along with confidence and experience to achieve optimal results.Following proper technique can prevent organisation error, injury, and infection. It is also important to remember that patient education before and during the procedure can help reduce anxiety, stress, and fear. Memorable Ending The next time you find you or your loved one on the other end of a needle having an IV placed remember this demonstration. If you have questions or concerns about the procedure dont hesitate to talk to your nurse. Nurse s commonly welcome the opportunity to provide education because it demonstrates our skill and knowledge in addition to providing emotional support and compassion for our patients.

Generation Music

It is All the Same Thing If you are a teen then you have heard that the medical specialty of today is trash and it bequeath never compare to the music of the past. What makes our music so much worse? The songs are saying the exact same thing. What is the difference between music now and music then? As I listen to the music of the past, I notice that their way of presenting the music differs from music today. The way they employ words were masks for what they were actu all toldy saying, that now artists say exactly what they mean.In call on Jamess hit bloody shame Jane, for example, he is talking about his excessive utilize of Marijuana. A person who has no agniseledge of Marijuana would not know what Rick James was referring to when he said Mary Jane. He calls Mary Jane a she as if it were a real woman. He uses personification to expect his passion for mourning band. Im in love with Mary Jane. Shes my main thing. She makes me feel alright. She makes my centre sing Take s me to paradise. His opening verse is all expressing his love for slew and how weed makes him feel.Wiz Khalifa is a rapper known for his weed obsession. In his song Up, he Just comes right out and says that everything is better when you are high. He does not hide behind nicknames and descriptive words. Both songs agree that weed makes life better. Although twain songs are equally bad influences, Mary Jane would be better en entitle than Up. Betty Wrights song Slip and Do It is all about taking another womans significant other. She says Girl, dont blame me for what Im doin. Its your man he wont leave me aloneAnd it feels so good when you slip and do it. She is lots saying that cheating is not bad, and that women whose men cheat on them are at fault. The message is completely wrong, but the song was a hit. Her vocals and overreach distract from the real message of her song. If an artist of todays time made a song even close to Betty Wrights song then it would be titled as trash . For example, triple Songzs Cheat On You has never been a hit. Although Trey Songz is a talented artist, his music will somehow never mount to the music of the past.Trey Songz and Betty Wright messages are the same, but Betty Wrights song was a hit. Songs with the same messages, but varied time periods are looked at differently. One is titled as award worthy, but the other has never gotten the attention it deserves. Time has changed, but messages in music have remained the same. The contrast between music of different time periods is hard to find. Music of the past and music of the present both present the same messages. The music Generation Music By shidahbee

Jesters Pies

The report examines an in depth analysis of the Jesters Pies and its note paleness in the market. The report to a fault looks at the stigma associations of the product through which it is being recalled by the consumer.Interviews will be taken by consumers of Jesters Pies in order to get an understanding of the dishonor association. This will show what consumers feel, prize and do with the shop. The report will also look at the elements that doctor the brand up and make it was it is which complicates the logo, URL , name and saying. This is an all-important(a) fragment of a federation because if these elements arnt apply in a even way then on that point is a higher(prenominal) chance the brand wont be as roaring. Having an impelling name, logo and slogan croupe have a enormous effect, serious look at Nike and their tick symbol.The third part of the report will focus on the Jesters selling class. This includes an analysis on the product, conciliate, communica tion and scattering of the brand. This is more intimately how the comp some(prenominal) operates in actual business rather than what the consumers ideate near the brand of the company.Finally to wrap the Jesters report up recommendations will be made to the CEO of the company. These will be based on the consumer companionship and merchandise evaluation. These recommendations will be made so the company hatful use them in the future to help improve their business and general brand.Company ProfileJesters atomic number 18 a franchising company in bracing Zealand who be specialist in making and selling pies. Their menu hustles from the traditional Beef Pie to the not so traditional Spud Delux. Their company motto sums them up pretty well serious ab let on pies. Jesters are forward- feeling put Zealand wholly owned and managed Pie Company. However the first original concept of it was started in Perth in 1997 when the idea of making the finest, healthiest pies in the marke t, was first created. Jesters pride their Jaffle Pie range to be of good quality, mellisonant, taste and health.Jesters are hardened in quartette cities nation wide which includes Auckland, Christchurch, Wellington and Dunedin. With the first being opened in 2002 at Lynn Mall shopping centre. The business is spreading extravagant with 34 stores being opened in Western Australia and some(prenominal) more planned.The motive for success Jesters feel is because of the niche $1 billion fast sustenance industry, which they feel, is growing fast. Also because of the anomalousness of the brand and products for sale are new and interesting for the consumer.With over 15 varieties of pies Jesters feels there is something for e actuallyone. The company also caters for your family or a party along with the sit in restaurant layout. The company promises to the customeryoull never stop at one (Jesters, about Jesters, 2007) abridgment of Marketing MixProductJesters Pies is a unique company i n the New Zealand market. Even though the product they are selling is just a pie, which disregard be brought from any bakery, it is the first to sell them in a fast food style restaurant. Jesters Pies offers 15 varieties of pies which appeal to a wide variety of customers. This is important because you want to cater to as many people as possible so you get more customers. Jesters also diverse their product from other pies by confidently saying that theirs are the healthiest and finest in the market. other attribute of the pies is that the filling is low fat, lean meats and fresh vegetables, which you probably couldnt say about your local bakery pie. The last attribute of the product is no artificial colourings, preservatives and MSG are used. This is a good look for the product as it has become so important for consumers in recent times to eat healthy, fresh food (Jesters Pies, 2007). tollPricing is very important for a brand as it can create associations in the mind of the consu mer. It can also be used to build brand fair play. So a company needs to equipment casualty its products correctly in order to get the most out of the consumer. Jesters pies are ranged from $3.50 to $4.10. With the $3.50 pies being the classic beef, mince and bacon and egg and the more expensive pies are the fancier ones with more ingredients such as the Popeye which contains spinach mushroom and feta. The pricing strategy they have I feel is good as the consumer gets what they are gifting for. The pies are more expensive than the bakery, but are of a lot better quality and better ingredients are used. scattering Channel Distribution can have a huge effect on the beauteousness and success of a brand. Distribution is so important because it is the process of acquiring the product to the consumer. Jesters use a direct channel method to distribution where they sell their product straight to the consumer through their stores. This is probably the most effective way for a brand re sembling Jesters .Jesters Pies stores can be found around New Zealand and in some parts of Australia. They are located in four cities in New Zealand. However all the stores in the Auckland area are found a long way out from central Auckland, with only one store being located in the CBD. However they do have stores located throughout the country so their distribution is pretty good.Promotion/Marketing Communication Promotion and marketing is very important for almost every brand in any industry. Without it you would not be able to get your product into the market and obtain ken from your potential consumers. Jesters have not done a huge amount of denote that we could recall or find. From what we did find was mostly advertising for magazine and billboards. This could be one reason for the fact that their brand awareness amongst consumers is not very strong. Television is the strongest form of media and is the best for smashing a brand image and creating awareness. However even wi thout this the brand seems to be getting more popular which could be put down to things such as word of mouth. With a bit more promotion and marketing the brand could become very popular as it is a unique fast food outlet. mark equity for Jester Pies Brand equity is an nonphysical asset that depends on associations made by the consumer. There are several(a) perspectives from which to view brand equity.Brand equity just does not include the measure of the brand, but it also includes the value of proprietary technologies, patents, trademarks and other intangibles bid manufacturing know how (article 1). So in case of jesters pies, jesters jaffle pies are not oven baked exchangeable traditional pie, but they are cooked in a unique jaffle pie makers using ultra-thin light puff pastry and finest quality natural ingredients. thusly the the difference in technical know how adds to the brand equity of the product. (article2.)Another way to measure the brand equity is the financial aspec t of the brand. In this case one way to measure brand equity is to determine the price premium that the brand commands over a generic product. In case of jesters pies, the pies are priced at $ 3.40 which is normally higher than most of the pies in the market place. As jesters pies have positioned itself as a quality product and people are also willing to pay more for a quality product, it commands high brand equity.Brand equity also represents the added value endowed to a particular product or a service as result of past investments in the marketing of the brand. (Article 1). In case of jesters pies it commands very good brand equity out-of-pocket to its advertising and promotion. Jesters pies has used three mediums of advertising that is print radio and TV.Brand equity also helps the brand to grow globally.( article 1) As jesters pies is a successful brand in Australia, it can use its good brand equity to expand further in new Zealand and other countries as well.Brand Associations These are the things that consumer relates or lad when they think about the brand. It can be how the brand makes them feel, what they think of the brand, what comes to their mind when they think of the brand or even what they do with the brand.The interviews were limited as we only interviewed four people, all the same the information we got back was good as all consumers had pretty connatural answers. This shows that the consumers are all getting similar associations with the Jesters Pies brand. From the answers to the interviews we came up with the following brand associations. commonwealth are aware of the jesters pies because of its logo and the colours used in it. Most of the people when asked about jesters pies, they have a positive result like, good quality for the price. So they rear incredible value for money by giving fresh, quality natural ingredients. They also provide fresh vegetables, lean meats and guarantee every pie meets health standards. People are also a ttracted towards jesters pies are because of the variety of the pies and value meals the company provides. People associate jesters pie as specialised pie outlet. Most people think jesters as a healthy meal which is free of artificial flavourings, colourings and MSG. People dont associate jesters pie with its other products like sausage rolls, wedges, or coffee. But they feel that some changes can be made by introducing chips to the menu.Recommendations This report has analysed the Jesters Company. It has looked not only the marketing programme side but also the side of the consumer. From what we have found from looking at these components the following recommendations can be made- Firstly from what was gathered in the interviews not a lot of the consumers had seen much Jesters advertising and if they had it wasnt very effective. Jesters should start advertising through the most effective medium, TV, this will development brand awareness. Another recommendation follows on from the previous one. Jesters need to develop more awareness amongst its target customers. From people we have spoken to a lot of them were unaware of Jesters pies and the brand itself. In order to be successful brand awareness needs to be built up amongst the potential customers. Another issue gathered from the interviews was that the people who consumed Jesters said they were limited because of the inadequacy of restaurants in handy locations. Perhaps to get more out there in the market they could locate some stores in key areas like around universities and more locations in the CBD

Globalization and inequality-short essay Essay

The process by which the lives of all people around the planet become increasingly interlink in stinting, cultural, political, and environmental terms, along with our awareness of such(prenominal) interconnections is known as globalization (Appelbaum, 2001). Globalization has pushed the macrocosm into the revolution of information. The planet has become connected through technological renovations and the interdependence of economic expansion. Nations have formed unitary agenda, one unit, and with it, emerges the concept of winners and losers.Globalization has increased the gap between sizeable and poor. As we form one world, the level of variety rises, the strong nations aspire prosperouser, and the weak nations extend poorer. The retail business is revolutionizing due to globalization, yet inequality seems to be the intimidating factor that comes with it.Globalization is being driven by five major factors customers, markets, technology, competition, and costs. The global ma rketplace exposes retailers to an unprecedented number of customers. The relaxation of trade barriers, creation of trade blocs, and opening of new markets has presented the worlds retailers with the option of going global. Outsourcing has made it possible for domestic companies in the unify States and world(a) to increase profits by using cheap lug to produce the goods that consumers demand at a much lower price.Minorities from countries resembling Mexico,Guatemala, and parts of Asia are exploited in the global assembly eminence in order for companies to gain prestige through outstanding economic efficiency. The dependency theory suggests that the poverty of low-income countries is the immediate consequence of their exploitation by the wealthy countries on which they are economically dependent (Appelbaum and Chambliss, 173). Third world countries are exploited in order for first world countries to get ahead in the national economic arena.Peasants work in internationalist fact ories because it is the only way out of starvation to choose to work is non a luxury of the poor, it is a pisseds of survival. Like the social stratification that occurs within the US, the systematic inequalities leave behind continue as we globalize, only the discriminated will now be the new foreign laborers. They become the losers in the blue headed my national corporations. The winners are top executives of corporations like Gap Inc,Nike, Guess, Adidas, and all the an early(a)(prenominal) major corporations in the world.Technology is a key facilitator, and the Internet is the keen enabler. Technology has enabled retailers to shrink distances, integrate and connect value chains, and provide a rapidly increasing amount of information for storage, transfer, and use. Meanwhile, the Internet serves as a global channel, and provides retailers with unique opportunities, as well as challenges, for conducting business with both consumers and other businesses.As domestic markets be come increasingly saturated, globalization represents a unique opportunity to attain competitive advantage, leveraging economic benefits such as improved economies of scale and increased bargaining power with umteen suppliers. The supporters of globalization claim that it leads to higher employment and therefore greaterprosperity, whereas opponents suppose that globalization, in its current form, only serves to widen the gap between rich and poor.Economies of scale, pooling production and taking advantage of lower factor costs mean that business on a global scale can be cheaper and lower costs give retailers more strategic options. Companies that do not necessarily want to support sweatshops feel pressure because of competition, competition that could sally lower prices and abundant amounts of production.Therefore, the way that we can promote change is by being educated consumers, and supporting companies that risk losing, for morality sake. Globalization is a double-edged sword it is a game of win or lose. though it provides an economic dependence of national manpower, many nations exploit each other in order to achieve profit and get ahead of the worldwide competition.

Analysis of the Article: “The New Psychology of Leadership” Essay

Analysis of the Article The New psychological science of Leadership scientific the Statesn Mind Journal, August 2007 The article by Stephen D. Reicher tells us active how the definition of Leaders has been changed over time, and how it transformed to suit like a shots guild (Reicher, Platow and Haslam). It tells rough how this effective drawship contradicted the conventional nonion of what a leader should be, how a leader should act. It gave the September 11 bombing, where President George W. crotch hair has stepped up to give us a clear definition of what todays leaders are like. Bush was merely an example, and that there are other aspects that would give a meaning to the leaders of today, redefining the belief that it however takes impartingness and character to become a successful leader. The first point that was stressed, and that was manifested by President Bush during the 9/11 bombing was that leaders keep back been remodeled by the society today. It is not only will ingness and character that the quite a little need. like a shots leaders should too be fitted to act or be like them, be one with the mess. Through that, there will be unity and with a unified following, the leader can thusly mobilize these people to achieve the changes, as for the time of the bombing, was the call for America to act as one against terrorism. In the article, there are several(prenominal) changes that have been shown when it comes to a characteristic that a leader should possess. The first of these changes was ab come out charisma, evolving to a consensus. The notion about how leaders should possess charisma in order to attain success have been slowly shadowed by the fact that charismatic leaders are not effective leaders if they wont be able to get something going. It was therefore replaced by how hygienic a leader adapts to his situation, and how he is able to lead people, which defines him as a leader. He should not be defined as how many people he can con vince, instead he should be defined by how many people he was able to mobilize and bring out changes with his leadership. Another defining character that an effective leader should possess is to be able to blend in with the crowd, the very people he is star and supervising. He should be one of the gang, and not to be seen as the despotic sovereign ruler of the land. This is to gain the confidence and the respect of the people. If he is able to be seen as someone like them or someone who understands them, then the leader would definitely have their trusts and be able to mobilize these people toward the goals and objectives of the leaders which are similarly for the peoples interests. The leader should also be fair with his constituents or to those who are in lower positions from them. This is to concur the trust and the positive outlook from these people, for them to think that these leaders are not taking advantage of their position, or that these leaders do not be their positi on at all. It is through their followers that the leader will be able to determine what to do, which is usually dependent on how the group thinks. forthrightness can be observed by effective leaders in resolving problems between members, wherein there should be no favoritism shown. The leader should also be able to verbalize their leadership, being able to carry off words and deliver them correctly to the people. This is one way of strengthening his require and building the respect of his followers, so that they can be effectively mobilized by the leaders. This article is a useful source of information on how a person can be an effective leader. This also updates us of how the society today defines an effective leader. This is because an effective leader doesnt have a constant or concrete definition, of what should possess to become an effective leader. It yet lies on his constituents, in his followers, that would define him on how a leader should be. This is because a leader is also a servant, and that is why a leader also has to be of service to others, which are the general public.Reicher, Stephen D., Michael J. Platow, and S. Alexander Haslam. The New Psychology of Leadership. 2007. Scientific American Mind. August 9 2007. .

Patriots resist British laws and policies Essay

After the S evening days War, Britains hold on the colonies was completed. The Crown then began to impose laws on the colonies to offset the losses it incurred in securing Britains hold. Among these laws were the Sugar subroutine, which hiked the non-British goods import duties, and the capital Act, which prohibited printing of currency, were met with resistance in America. Other laws and policies governing receipts and trade were also imposed on the colonies. However, many people in the colonies did not favor the British laws.Three strategies they used to foil British control are organized demonstrations, non-importation of British goods, and terrorizing tax income collectors. The Sons of Liberty was established as a secret organization with the purpose of terrorizing those who were tasked as tax collectors under the Stamp Act. The ploy was successful since the tax collectors all quitted even before the Stamp Act was implemented. Without collectors and with protests, the coloni sts were successful in getting the Act repealed. The non-importation was the most successful strategy for the patriots. It worked very well for a a couple of(prenominal) years.It made Britain reconsider its laws and repeal the Stamp Act. The Crown had a drawing card to lose with the colonies imports. However, it soon declared that the colonies can only trade with undischarged Britain and no other country. The organized protests were also successful at clock but led to a disastrous face when people were killed in Boston after a skirmish with British soldier. But the event was used by radicals as a propaganda against the British colonizers. The radicals incited protests and recruited men to their cause. The world protests helped to mask the formation of an armed movement that would oppose Britains rectify to the colonies.

The East Indian Presence

The last name Thompson Is star of Scottish decent. moreoer the person who owns the name has absolutely nonhing to do with the Scottish, This Is a viridity scenario for the umteen that Inhabit the small Island of Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad, whither the population of just over a wedgeion people, as it is colloquially recited, is a large mosaic of antithetic ethnicities from different parts of the foundation, and immigrants from each ethnicity came legion(predicate) different reasons.These reasons, over time, realize come to include slavery, indentured servitude, slave ownership, go bad go throughs, private businesses, and in conclusion leisure. The majority of the Trinitarian population Is comprised of people from eastern hemisphere Indian p arntage. L, a gigantic with my matriarchal side of the family fall into this category. easterly India refers to the country on the Asian mere where more know the innates for exotic spices, colorful tapestries, and art crafted by occur that creates a sense of the farthermost and mystical land of India many figure as unreachable. precisely in the get together States they atomic number 18 reachable, for almost 100 ears now, and nowadays we share the America we all love with them as friends, colleagues, business partners, and neighbors. only when It was not so In the beginning. East Indians came to the united States to create a foothold In the American dream of all. Instead of welcomes, though, they were met with the parti priss of the white work force that rule the land with their unjust and racial hands. They were acc apply of being lethargic and detrimental to the country despite their contributions to the economy of the Pacific playground slide.The East Indians began their reason out of India by first landing In British Columbia. The Immigrants came from many different areas of India such as Bengal, Gujarat, and the united Provinces. The propaganda pushed by Canadian employers created the p hotograph of op demeanorunity and success in working on the railroads. L The treatment the Indians received in British Columbia, however, was less than suitable for a unwearying employee. many an an different(prenominal)(prenominal) arrived thither with verbal contracts for work that were never acknowledged, and living conditions inapplicable for the severe winters they encountered.From there, obturate to 1907, they found their way down to the Pacific Coast of the united States In search of friendlier employers and better(p) wages and weather. 2 They colonized largely in Bellingham, Washington, and parts of Oregon, working in lumber mills. In these areas, it was mild for Indians to feel more comfortable at work since mill owners were indifferent to their turbans or their grate color. 3 Soon, there were around 1,072 Indian immigrants in the United States. 4 When eventually Euro-Americans caught on to how Indians may be endangering their Jobs, hundreds of them complained to t he mill owners rough being replaced and workers.As a result of these actions, Euro-Americans were able to coax employers that it was dangerous and unpredictable to have the rag-heads, as they called them, working for them and taking Jobs out-of-door from white workers. One can see the hypocrisy in the bit if star revisits the lethargic and volatile nature of these Euro-Americans themselves. In response to these injustices, the East Indians were forced to move bring forward south into California. 5 As Indians entered California, in about 1907, their numbers again increased to around 1,782. galore(postnominal) moved to the port of San Francisco and the small city of Chic, Just north of San Francisco, because of the favorable treatment they received. many an(prenominal) set to work with the West Pacific Railway where eventually there were as many as 2,000 Indians working on the Pacific Railroad. As more time went by, less Indians worked the railroads by and by 1908 but they com pleted the ordaining of many bridges, tunnels, and railroad prick work between 1907 and 1909. The Indians then dark their attention to agriculture in 1910, during Californians agriculture boom.This provided many Jobs for the Indians. 6 But in another unjust response to their hard work, Indians were now confront with opposition by different organizations. One of the organizations that proved determined to carry out Indians was the Asiatic Exclusion League. The Asiatic Exclusion League used their influential status to write Congress on some(prenominal) do about the detrimental effect that they believed Indians had on the American people. These detrimental affects include everything from industrial effects to moral effects.The Asiatic Exclusion League worked to its fullest to forbid success for the Asiatic (Asiatic also included the Japanese, Korean, and Filipino people of eastern Asia) as much as possible in severalise to master their removal and deportation if possible. In 1910, the Asiatic Exclusion League further propelled the removal of Indians by describing the way they live as a write out for the decencies of life. 7 In the later months of 1910, the number of Indians admitted into the United States began to decrease and by June 1910, some were turned away and had to go back ways around the main ports to get into the country.Indians tried alternate routes through Hawaii, Mexico, and even concealing until they could go unnoticed with those who were tot deported. 8 When one thinks about what the American Dream means, is what the Indians experienced what comes to mind? For most it is not so difficult. Many may see a definite struggle, until a great probability presents itself that can set ones destiny on the perfect path that one can be successful and pass that success onto further generations.But what Indians endured in coming to the United States, seems to be more difficult than one normally anticipates in trying to live out the American Drea m. What can be said for the Indians and their so-called American experience, is that hey accomplished what they needed to in order to push past all the injustices encountered and move forward. But I cannot say that they were able to enjoy the results of all their efforts. Nearly 100 years later, not many are aware of either their efforts on the Pacific railroads or the hardships they endured before and after that time in the United States. age many other ethnicities are able to look back at recital books and study about their ancestors endeavors and contributions to the United States, those of East Indian decent are inefficient to do so as easily. East Indian he efforts of the other Asiatic who came in search of the homogeneous work. Only they are externally credited, spell the East Indian presence in United States hi account seems almost nonexistent. However, as one walks down the diverse and multicultural road of Devon road, one encounters many different cultures and peopl es.But one culture in accompaniment that is prominent and well-know is the section known as humble India. This section is filled with many different places that one might hope to only see in India itself. Shops that sell saris, the traditional clothing worn by women, and salary zamia, the rotational clothing worn by men, restaurants that advertise their many Indian foods, and even Jewelry stores with the most precious and elaborate Indian gold. These shops line the avenue in the most ornate way. This section of Devon Avenue in Chicago, Illinois, is a good congressman of the presence and story of the East Indian peoples. Devon Avenue is home to many different cultures and ethnicities on several streets, but where the Indians mostly inhabit is on and around Mohammed All zinnia Way and Mahatma Gandhi Mark. This section is also known as Little India. hither one sees an entirely new environment, one that completely envelopes the culture, lives, and surroundings of native India. I ha ve been to India before and was surprised to feel as though I had returned. Everything looked real and authentic. As I looked around I judge to see Indians who may look and dress as though influenced by the American confederation, but this was quite the contrary.There were men, women, and children walking around dressed as if they Just arrived from India. Women wear brightly colored saris, ones that, according to Mrs Patella, a charwoman I stopped outside one of the sari-selling stores, Re exactly, if not better than those in India. And the jewelry is some of the most wonderful there is. 10 Redcap, author of Ethnic Routes to Becoming an American Indian Immigrants and the Cultures of Citizenship describes the exact same scene in the sasss when she first comes to America.There are, surprisingly, also many video stores that report their Plywood contents and vociferously advertise with film tunes and, as Redcap illustrates, window-hung Indian movie posters, featuring red-lipped, vo luptuous women leaning against bare- cheated, brooding men in skin tight leather pants. 11 One man, Visual Ramparts, went so far as to say that Devon is the worry an India away from India When my mother misses India (my father) takes her here and lets her occur the day, then she feels better. 12 All this and more contributes to the Indian story here in America.The story of the Indian peoples is an arduous one. They had to fight for a long time so that America could hear their voices. And when eventually they did, the Indians could feel more comfortable and accepted in their surroundings. Because they were now comfortable and more of them had better reasons to stay and bring heir families, in 1985 they accounted for more than 500,000 within the United States population. 13 Many of the immigrants settled in urban areas handle stark naked York , Miami, Anaheim, Washington D. C. , Houston, San Francisco, and of course Chicago. 4 With the settlement of these immigrants in these area s, they created sections with great transmutation which attracted many other ethnicities, or encouraged them to create sections for themselves. But over time, some of these cities diversity has dwindled diverse neighborhoods in the country such as Brooklyn and Queens in New York and Rogers Park in Chicago. 5 And in these communities, Indians play a significant part. These communities have helped make their presence known to the American people, because now there are people who are impulsive to speak out and originate the American people about their culture, lifestyle, and history.In the world today, people want to know more about them and are actually interested because of the diversity of the culture. As Helsel so puts it, In the early sasss one could count on his or her fingers the number of articles and books about Asian Indians. By 2003, the number had increased to more than 300. 16 Therefore, the evidence presented clearly supports and enhances the story of the Indian ethni city making it more interesting and fascinating to others. It creates a bequeath to understand their culture among others from different backgrounds, especially when one exposes themselves to an environment like Devon Avenue.It sparks curiosity as to where these people came from, what their customs are, and what are the foreign things seen in the shop windows of Devon. When the East Indians came to the United States, looking for the American Dream, they found close to none of it. Though as time went on, some of hose who were not deported in 1910, found ways of living in hiding while working at the same time. And quite some time after that, they began to find work more easily in the United States. While excuse being part of a group plagued by prejudice for a long time, many soon came to accept them and their culture. 7 Many decided to move to other states that offered a lot of opportunity like New York, New Jersey, and Illinois. These places offered many Job opportunities like fact ories and other industrial work. New York was also a place where they could settle and await the reach of their Emily who might immigrate later. In these places, Indians established small communities where they could all find comfort in one another. Soon these communities became known as Little Indians, like on Devon Avenue. 8 Today, there are East Indians in all fifty states. But the most populated are still New York, New Jersey, Illinois, Texas, Florida, and of course, California where it all began. 19 Today, the East Indian presence in the United States is quite noticeable, but their presence is not enough to say that they have truly influenced the American fabric or the essence of America. They are here, and many know of them, but they and their culture are still seen as significantly different from what many know the average American culture to be.In closing, East Indians have made it into the American society and today fit in very well. They live alongside us everyday in work places, schools, and businesses. But as the presented evidence supports, this was not an easy goal to achieve. East Indians do not get the credit they merit for their role in the spin of modern America and their part in United States history. History reedits many other ethnicities that worked beside East Indians on the railroads with its construction and omit the existence of the East Indian presence.This creates the illusion that East Indians are part of the groups of immigrants that moved to the United States in fairly modern time and did not contribute to making America what it is today. The goal of history is to educate others about different peoples and who they influence different times and places. This courtesy is not shown to those of the East Indian parentage in the United States history, although they, much like many muggy into the modern United States. They do not discern with a lot of prejudice, and many find their culture interesting and exotic.If anything, many mor e Americans are more interested in knowing about their culture and practices rather than bashing or belittling it. In the America we live in today, a lot in the culture is commonplace and Americans are always trying to find something new and attractive to create a hybrid of to fit into the American lifestyle. One can see an example of this back in the sasss with the artist Gwen Stefan. She marketed her style with an East Indian flame wearing he decorative bind on her forehead and sporting tinct tattoos on her body.

Nick Hornby: a Long Way Down

His first apply feverishness Pitch was released in 1992. Its an autobiographical study more or less his rabid support for Arsenal Football Club. High Fidelity his second book and first saucy was published in 1995. The novel was adapted into a film in 2000 and a Broadway medical specialtyal in 2006. For his second novel About a Boy (1998) Hornby reliable the E. M. Forster Award of the American honorary society of Arts and Letters. Hugh Grant and Nicholas Hoult starred in the 2002 film version. A commodious Way Down was published in 2005 in the UK. The book received mixed reviews from critics.Johnny Depp bought the rights to the book before it was point published and has since chartered writer D. V. DeVincentis, who previously wrote the script for the film High Fidelity, to write the screen tour. The story takes place in London sometime these years. Martin Sharp Martin Sharp is a causality celebrity. We dont know his exact age but he is in his 40-s. Martins life-time wa s perfect he had a wife and two inadequate daughters, a well-paid job and was successful. He was host of a famous betoken but Martin made the mistake of sleeping with a 15 geezerhood old girl, for which he spent three months in prison.This made him even more popular as his case was stripped in the colour press. When he is released from prison he discovers that his marriage is ruined. From that point he kit and boodle for a cable TV channel with low popularity and has an affair with Penny, his former colleague. He does not make an effort to see his daughters or to finish off the tense situation with his wife. Hes very unhappy about his situation and feels that he has pissed his life away and thats why he wants to end his life. Maureen Maureen is a 51-year-old single mother of a disabled son named Matty.Her al unitedly life is turning around Matty. She believes that it is her cross she must bear for her mistake (Matty was natural out of wedlock). She has led a completely clo sed-in life for two decades reproduction him. Before she got Matty she was employed and outgoing. This has changed because she has to c be for Matty the whole day. She has no relaxdom and free time except the services at church she attends every Sunday. She wants to specify rid of her problems, which seems impossible to her. That is why she wants to frame suicide. Jess Crichton Jess is an eighteen-year-old girl. She does not have palpable friends.Jess is a person who pisses people off very quickly with her use up and rude subject because she says everything that comes to her mind. Jesss father is a local politician and the family is ideal by her mother. Her sister Jen, who is authenticly important to her, left the family a a couple of(prenominal) years ago and is thought to have committed suicide. The whole family, oddly the mother and Jess, ar still very upset about it. She wants to commit suicide by jumping from the tower block because of her family problems and losin g her ex-boyfriend though its too slightly impulsive.JJ JJ is an American who came to London with his girlfriend Lizzy. He used to play in a raft called Big Yellow and toured across the whole UK. For Lizzy he gave up his dream of becoming a rock star, the band broke up and Lizzy dumped him. Now he earns money by delivering pizza, a fact that he is really unhappy with. He comparings his own inspiration for suicide with the ambitions of well-known musicians These four strangers happen to meet on the detonator of a high building called Toppers House in London on New Years Eve, each with the intent of committing suicide. Their plans for death in solitude, however, are ruined when they meet.After telling their individual stories to the others, they find out to hold off on jumping and to protect themselves. Thus a group of four infelicitous and very individual people forms. Jess condition not to jump is that they do her to find her ex-boyfriend Chas. So they take a taxi and drive to the ships company they suppose Chas to be at. After finding and talking to Chas they decide to go to Martins place where they find Penny, who has obviously been crying. After this event the press begins to shack them. The freshspapers claim that Martin has slept with Jess and that they concluded a suicidal-pact.Jess suggests that they can try to profit from the suicidal-report in the newspaper. Jess tells a reporter that they saw an angel that looked like Matt Damon, who salvage them from jumping. Because of this silly lie their lives get worse. They go on vacation together and then plan next meeting for Saint Valentines Day. They meet at 8 oclock on the roof of Toppers House on Saint Valentines Day. spell they have a conversation, they detect a young man who is mean to jump from the roof. They try to stop him from committing suicide but he jumps. They are really taken aback.They decide to go home and to meet the interest afternoon. Martin tells them about a newspaper arti cle he read tally to which people who want to commit suicide need 90 days to overcome their ambition. So they decide to wait with their decision until the 31st of March. A lot of event happens during these three months. Things improve a bit. Maureen, JJ and Martin have new jobs now. Martin teaches pupils and wants to start a new life, JJ is a busker and is happy to make music again and Maureen works in a newspaper-store. Jesss relationships with her family come to normal.The 90 days have passed and they meet in front of the Toppers House again. They decide to go on the roof. On top, while watching the London nerve center they realize that their lives are not so bad. They decide to wait with killing themselves for another six months. The book is divided into 3 big parts. And every big part consists of many small ones, each is written in the first-person narration from the points of view of each character. The language differs significantly from one character to another. Jess and JJ use a lot of slang, rude words. Its interesting to compare British and American languages, thus JJ is an American.Though this is a book about four suicidal people, it is written in rather humorous and humourous way. There are a number of laugh-out-loud passages, but also moments of real heartbreak (scenes with Maureen and her son, the suicide of a young man) Ideas Jess, Martin, and Maureen can be seen to fight Freuds concepts of the Id, Ego, and Superego. The persons change and development, overcoming difficulties and love for life are the main ideas of the book. Though the changes in the characters appear slight, Hornby shows that such changes are a great deal the ones that lead to real progress in the right direction

Marketing Communications-Muji

MKTG1266 trade Communications _______________________________________ Group Assignment By Lin Jiaxin, Joyce (S3307512) Low Hui Ling, Rachel (S3307260) Nur Syarina Shaari (S3307456) Toh Yu Fen, Vivian (S3307365) panel of Contents 1. Situation synopsis 1. 1. 1. 2. 1. 3. Internal compendium External Analysis (PESTLE) thrum Analysis 3 3 4 7 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 14 16 16 17 18 22 24 26 32 32 33 34 35 37 38 2. M arket Problem /Opportunity 3. M arketing Objectives 4. Positioning 5. Com m unication Objectives 5. 1. 5. 2. 5. 3. 5. 4. family Need stake Aw arness gull situation Brand Purchase Intention 6. Cam paign Bud bind 7. Cam paign fair game Audience 7. 1. 7. 2. 7. 3. Brand Loyalty creative Tar contributes Behavioural Sequence Model 8. Creative system 9. M edia Strategy 10. Other IM C Activities 11. evaluation and Control 12. extension phone 13. adjunct 13. 1. 13. 2. 13. 3. (A) Model of Brand Loyalty for Generation Y (B) Media history/Plan (C) Media Budget 13. 4. (D) Storyboard 1 and 2 for TV advertizements 13. 5. (E) Sample of move adverts 13. 6. (F) Sample of Microsite for Meijis Yoghurt 2 1.Situation Analysis 1. 1. Internal Analysis Financial Net gross revenue for the outgoing three years (FY 2008 to FY 2010) displace due(p) to the economic crisis in 2009 and the lacquer disaster (in meg) ? 711,394, ? 704,999, ? 708,142 Adopts a sustainable profit distribution policy to sh arholders (MEIJI, 2011). Return on equity for the past three years (FY 2008 to FY 2010) on average is 4. 6% (MEIJI, 2011). Physical umpteen a(prenominal) plants in Asia japan (several) capital of capital of Singapore, Bangkok (MEIJI, 2011). Research labs, offices and headquarters in Japan and overseas (MEIJI, 2011).Distribution fomites that ease up been modified to ensure that the proceedss atomic number 18 safely delivered (MEIJI, 2011). Materials argon sourced locally (MEIJI, 2011). Uses technology and know-how cultivated in Japan to develop challe nge proceedss that be tasty and healthy to its consumers (MEIJI, 2011) A comprehensive in-house quality chink system called, Meiji-Quality Management System (M-QMS) that ensures the quality of their convergences (MEIJI, 2011). Reputation Acquired elevation vane position, from its imports of take out and yoghourt crossings in Singapore (Bangkok Post, 2012).Human pick An estimated 14,861 employees work at Meiji (Japan). All employees are guided by a three-part system of principles, which are the separates approach in wee-wee bell ringer part and achieving continuous growth in corporate value (FBR, 2010). Technological 3 1. 2. External Analysis Political Local broadcast market monopolised MediaCorp is the largest and tho media broadcaster (MediaCorp, 2012) so the content of the ads consume to follow the requirements/pr movementices set by the partnership. Government support encourages look for and development (R&D) to develop in like mannerls and customised applications that engage consumers (Singapore Media Fusion, 2010). The regime and its laws companies pressured to be more(prenominal) kindlyly responsible (Cihangir, 2008). Thus, when conceptualising ad head for the hillss, the organisation should be careful near using taboo or sensitive topics. economical Recession companies identify selling activities as a cost, rather than an enthronization so marketing cipher are usually the first to get trimmed down (Fader, 2008).Meiji should non adopt this view as enquiry shows that companies who continue to advertise during very much(prenominal) times per manakin better in the long run (McGraw-Hill, 1986). Cost-effective publicizing during recession cost of advertising is relatively cheaper since m each companies are holding back (Billetts, 2009) as such media channels are more entrusting to reduce their prices. Companies merchant ship save turn a profit from this as they cornerstone closingly break through the clutter, with lesser advertisings available in the marketplace. healthy economy equates to stiff competition companies are fighting for a slice of the market share so they omit more money on advertising. This results in lesser advertising place available and creates a dense marketing atmosphere and so draining and irritating the consumers. Social Increasing popularity of cordial ne 2rking sites pe internetration rates for Facebook and peep are 48. 9% and 16% respectively (Clicktrue. biz, 2011). A report by Firefly Millward Brown (2011) suggests that 4 Singaporeans are so link uped that their families, friends and contrasting personal details in the real dry land laughingstock be found in the virtual world. Diverse race and religion screen background in Singapore important that the advertising materials are take heedful of the diversity. Consumers take place more time online than ever internet usage averaging 10. 5 hours in Singapore (Internet adult male Stats, 2011), to hold them and stay competitive, it is important for Meiji to nurse a strong mien on the societal web. Consumers are more favourable towards green-marketing they demand to associate themselves with companies that are environmentally-friendly. As such, it is important that Meiji hands its belief in protecting the environment through its practices. Consumers adopting a more kindlyly and environmentally informed behaviour cause-related marketing brush aside boost alliances public moving picture (Alden Keene and Associates, 2007), dishs to differentiate the social club from their competitors and encourages customer committedness. Meiji can communicate and inform consumers close their CSR practices to take payoff of this point Technological engine room is constantly evolving spunkylights importance for companies to be on their toes with regards to technological changes (Bearden, n. d. ). right away, when communicating with consumers, companies bewilder to look out for both handed-down and juvenile media in magnitude to effectively. Benefits of technology integrating technology into marketing efforts help to reduce cost and increase efficiency (Lee & Carter, 2009). Meiji can consider incorporating digital advertising to stimulate a larger group of auditory modality instead of relying on tralatitious forms (eg POP display). Shift of budget dollars rising trend of companies shifting budget dollars towards digital advertising and social media (Entrepreneur, 2011), but companies should not neglect its handed-down media.Instead, they whitethorn extremity to include URLs or QR codes in its traditional advertising. 5 Integration of Singapores media all of Singapores media structured together (ie MediaCorps TV, radio, new-fangledspaper and website advertising channels), companies can benefit from the presence of these media channel Legal Advertisers creativity is restricted due to strict regulations in the local advertising scene (ZDnet A sia, 2011). Consider intellectual property issues when calculating communications materials (WIPO, 2005).In the case of using competitors for comparisons, advertisers realize to be weary of dish out defamation (Intellectual Property, 2010). With the Singapore economy of ad Practice in place, advertisers should melodic phrase that the content of the marketing case mustiness not subvert value of the society (CASE, 2008). Environmental Increased popularity of green marketing more companies adopting environmentally-friendly scene but, due to rise in greenwashing (false claims from companies) consumers are wary of such claims (Spors, 2011).Meiji can counter this by demonstrating their green practices through their website to light upon consumers trust light-green practice is now the in thing highlights attractiveness of broadcast and social media since they do not contribute to any waste unlike traditional media, which involves printing and distribution of resources Truthf ulness in eco-friendly image companies pose authoritative severe backlash from claims that were found to be misleading and untruthful (Ottman, 2011). This entrust finally tarnish the fool of the companies.This again highlights the importance of truthfulness so Meiji engages to take this into consideration. Social media users highly conscious about(predicate) social and environmental issues hot news to companies as these consumers are more devoted to rewarding responsible companies (Buhner, 2011). This further proves the importance of adoption of environmentally and socially friendly methods in the running of the business and their advertising method. 6 1. 3. SWOT Analysis Strength Japanese note so consumers likely to form favourable impressions of Meiji, associating good quality to their in yields (Maheswaran, 2006). A leading manufacturer in dairy ingatherings probiotic that specialises dairy products smirchs Weakness Meiji faces competition from other journal wi th bigger market share (Euromonitor International, 2011). While competing notes are develop their yoghourt products with more exotic bulls eyes and benefits and to cater in to their consumers changing taste, Meiji lacks diversification yoghourt dairy flavours products (Euromonitor (Bangkok Post, n. d. ) Well-developed bell ringer ken of its confectionery and selected products in Singapore (Meiji Seika Pte. Ltd. 2008), thus newer products can leverage on established cross out image Meiji is amongst the top five leading pits in the Yoghurt and Sour Milk sedulousness in Singapore (Euromonitor International, 2011). Meijis product flings perceived as a summercaterctional food and a healthier insect bite or pleasurable choice by consumers (Scientist Live, n. d. ). Comprehensive quality control system so quality and consistency is assured (Meiji Holdings Co. Ltd. , 2011). Involved in corporate (Meiji, 2011) social thus responsibility International, 2011) thus puts Meij i at a disadvantage. there are express forms of marketing communications strategy used by Meiji (Singapore). For instance, the official website does not show the yoghourt products that they have to offer. cr consume a authoritative brand image for the company, as consumers today, are becoming more interested in CSR activities. 7 Opportunity Singaporeans are becoming Threats Food product preventative has been a huge threat in the food industry, especially since the draw befoulment problem in 2008 has caused even greater concerns over food safety (Associated Press, 2007).As such, it is important that Meiji ensures the highest food safety practices to prevent damages in its brand image and lose the trust of its faithful change magnitudely health conscious (The Nielsen Company, 2009). They are seeking a healthier lifestyle but their manipulation of eating still exists (Nutrition Singapore, 2007). These dickens factors provide an prospect for Meiji yoghourt as it is a healt hy snack. As mentioned previously, consumers are getting more ethically and environmentally aware, and have a tendency to rule from companies that are conscious of these factors too (Spors, 2011)As Meiji practices CSR (MEIJI, 2011), by maximising this stirred factor in consumers, we can further appeal ourselves to them. Yoghurt has man old to revitalise itself in the market, and insiders say it result continue to do so. This is due to the innovation opportunities brought about by the different combination of fruits and flavours, and the content of it, such as low fat, low dent etc (Decker, 2009). customers. A shift in demand in the dairy products (ie milk and yogurt) that are low priced have resulted in price wars and an increase in packaging expenses (MEIJI, 2011).Huge availability of substitutes in the market pricing (Euromonitor, and appeal 2011). to the These planetary substitutes are different in their taste and consumers, especially due to the sweet factor in thes e snacks. However, the winning factor for is that Meijis yoghurts are offering consumers the best of both worlds a healthy and delicious in each cup of Meijis yoghurt. Now who says you cannot have your cake and eat it too Rising cost of raw materials due to fluctuations in supply and demand, inborn disasters etc have affected the production cost. 8 2.mart Problem/Opportunity There are two trends evident in Singapore according to two separate studies Growing trend of healthy eating in Singapore (Health Promotion Board, 2008) 75% of Singaporeans snack at least once a day (Nutrition Singapore, 2007) While consumers in Singapore are seeking a healthier lifestyle, they still demand snacks that have health benefits without compromising on the taste of the product (Leatherhead Food Research, 2011). Another interesting point to demarcation is that the functional beverage market, which includes yoghurt and smoothies, is a booming market, with world(a) gross sales exceeding $9. billion (Freshandhealthybrands. com, 2012). In Singapore unique(predicate)ally, yoghurt and sour milk drinks have grown in popularity, with yoghurt increasing in popularity convey to the yoghurt cafes that have sprung recently. This has led to an increased sensation of the health benefit of yoghurt (Euromonitor International, 2011). As such, all of these presents an opportunity for Meiji yoghurt to take advantage of the adoption of healthy living and Singaporeans habit of snacking. Meiji yoghurt fits perfectly into the picture as it is a snack that is not still healthy, but delicious tooWe can leverage on this opportunity to inform the consumers that it is not necessary for them to remove snacks/desserts from their meals completely instead we have the perfect replacement a cup of healthy and tasty Meiji yoghurt that comes in strawberry, mixed berries, aloe vera, nata de coco and mango 3. merchandise Objectives From 2004 to 2009, Singapores yoghurt market had a compounded growth rate of 8. 3% (MarketResearch. com, 2011). In 2011, Meiji held 4. 7% of the market share out of $15. million of the yogurt sales (Euromonitor International, 2011). As such, these would be our marketing intent are as follows 9 Increase market share by 0. 5% to reach 5. 2% market share To stimulate sales of $8. 112 million, up from $7. 332 million Increase awareness and knowledge of product and brand by 20% Establish a 30% change in the perception of yoghurt among direct auditory sense 4. Positioning We positioned Meiji and its competitors against their percentage of brand shares obtained in 2010, and their menstruum product offerings.Although Marigold, Yoplait and Meiji has fewer varieties (ranging among four to six flavours), they have higher(prenominal) brand shares, as compared to Nestle with as much as 11 different flavours. This could be due to Nestles relatively new entrance into the market. As mentioned previously, as consumers seek exotic flavours, Meiji needs to confirm their brand to prevent Nestle from taking over by building brand loyalty and constant innovation. Through our advertising social movement, we aim to gain stronger brand awareness resulting in a higher percentage of brand shares. 0 5. Communication Objectives The team aims to achieve these objectives through our Integrated Marketing Communications Plan Primary objective To change consumers perception of yoghurt from being a healthy food, which has a negative connotation as healthy food is associate to bad tasting food (The intelligence service Herald, 2012), to accepting yoghurt as a healthy and delicious alternatives to snack Secondary objective To increase consumers awareness and knowledge of the product and brand name, in this case being Meijis yoghurt 5. . Category Need Due to the different characteristics and lifestyles of our desired target audience, the team has established a category need for each target group 1) 15 to 25 year olds that do not eat yoghurt this crabbed s egment seeks a healthy lifestyle but they still want their sweet tooth to be fulfilled. A gap between their desired country and their actual state exists so we aim to fulfil it by win over them that Meiji yoghurt is able to fulfil their need of having a healthy snack that taste good, if not greatIt is a perfect substitute that gives them the alike(p) delight they get from eating other snacks, but without the same sunburnt content. 2) 26 to 35 year olds that seek convenient snacks with Singapores workforce having a reputation of clocking in the some hours at work in the world (International Labour Organisation, 2010), legion(predicate) forgo having luncheon as they are too busy. This suggests that snacking is not even an option for them consider. Again, a gap exists because their basic need of eating is not fulfilled and their want to snack is not met.This provides an opportunity for us to take advantage by reminding consumers that Meiji exists as a convenient and healthy snack that can be purchased anywhere and be eaten anytime (as long it is kept refrigerated). 11 5. 2. Brand ken Brand awareness is important for umteen reasons it enables the brand to be in the consideration set, create sales, determines ones purchase decision and arrangement of brand image. This is especially important for fast moving consumer goods as consumers pass away little to no effort in randomness search due to the low involvement nature of the product (Pitta & Katsanis, 1995).The team applys to establish a long-term brand awareness of Meijis Yoghurt through a two-stage process First stage creating brand recognition by informing consumers of the benefits of Meijis yoghurt and differentiating ourselves (Morebusiness. com, 2006). This go forth be done through our telly advertisements, which may result in them leaning towards our product as their product choice when they visit their nearest store to choose between the many different brands offered.This is due to the shee r moving picture of our advertising that prompts them to think about Meiji when given a visible cue, in this case being yoghurts (Keller, 1993), thus illustrating the prescribed effect of our marketing effort. Second stage establish brand recall by building strong brand equity so that consumers are able to recall Meijis brand without supporter. This leave alone be done through PR, as populate believe other consumers more than advertisements (Nielsen, 2009), and through viral marketing, which helps create excitement about the brand.By successfully achieving top-of-mind-awareness, consumers give think of Meiji each time the urge for snacking bequeath arise. 5. 3. Brand billet Brand image has been defined as perceptions about a brand by the brands association in consumers mind by Keller (1993). To create a good brand image, positive associations to the brands must be created. There are three dimensions to associations attributes, benefits and attitude and these associations ha ve to be unique, favourable and strong (Kelle, 1993). The team has identified these in the diagram infra 12 5. 4.Brand Purchase Intention The team propose to use thirst under Robert Cialdinis Six Rules of Influence (1993) to motivate purchase plan as consumers are more likely to purchase from a brand that they like. We aim to build Meiji yoghurt, a fast moving consumer good that is typically a low-involvement purchase, an interesting product through our television advertisements, viral marketing and PR efforts. These efforts give illustrate how Meijis yoghurt is more than near a typical snack. 13 6. Campaign Budget Objective and business budgeting is being used in campaign budget so as to achieve the Meijis desirable market share of 5. 2%.Meiji had to effectuate two communicating objectives which are a 30% change in the target audiences perception of yoghurt being an inexpensive and healthy provided delicious snack and increase target audiences awareness and knowledge of th e product and brand name by 20%. Reflecting on the communication objective of Meiji, the decided list that is going to be invested in the advertising campaign will be approximately $1 million (calculations available in accessory C). With this sum of investment in the advertising campaign, the team hope to fulfil the communicating objectives which ultimately, lead to the increase of the market share. . Campaign Target Audience For a marketing communication campaign to be successful, the company need to identify their target audience clearly. The campaign will be targeting two demographic groups. Primary Target Audience Demographic Psychographic male and female aged Health-conscious 15-25 (students) Enjoys quality, tasty, healthy food Male and female aged cadence-deprived 26-35 (working adults) Like to try new things Actively involved in social media Geographic Behavioral Everyone in Singapore Increasing involvement in family purchases Buy product based on gadget slig ht brand loyalty 7. . Brand Loyalty The first target audience will be new category users aged between 15 to 25 years old, who have not tried eating yoghurt. The second group of target audience will be working adults that are between 26 and 35 years old. They are favorable brand switchers that now and again buy Meiji Yoghurt but dont have a specific brand that they are loyal to. Majority of these people go mostly within Generation Y. 14 Characteristics of Generation Y Less Brand Loyal Style Conscious Technology Wise passing Involved in Social Networking/Media More Involved in Family PurchasesBrand loyalty is key to success in marketing communication. With the implementation of the integrated marketing communication plan, we hope to create brand equity, continued awareness and most importantly, increase consumers satisfaction thus encouraging repeat purchases (Keller, 1998). Meiji Yoghurt, being a fast moving consumer good, is a low-involvement purchase decision. In order for the product to gain awareness for the new category users, price is an important factor. Since they are new users, they do not have any compelling need to purchase a particular brand.One activity to encourage and persuade them to purchase would be sales promotion (Krishamurthi & Raj, 1991). After that, continued engagement with these consumers will potentially convert them into loyal customers. As for the second target audience, who are favourable brand switchers, changing their attitude and increase their liking for the brand would be beneficial. Through our comprehensive advertising plan, it will attract the tutelage of these consumers, allowing them change their attitude, perception, and may even develop a liking for the brand.This would help to decrease the likelihood of switching brands (Reid, 2005) thus, driving brand loyalty. 15 7. 2. Creative Targets Sales personnel, friends, family members Opinion leaders (famous online Influencer bloggers), friends, family members Initia tor Decider Purchaser Target audience themselves, family members Target audience themselves, family members Informing them of the health benefits of Meiji yoghurt Informing them of both the taste and the health benefits Informing them that its value for money because of the quality of the yoghurt Informing them that its value for money because of the quality of the yoghurt Creamier.Fruitier. Amazingly aMEIJI-ng exploiter Target audience themselves 7. 3. Behavioural Sequence Model What (Decision Need foreplay Stages) Oneself, Sales Who booster stations, Friends, (Roles) Family, Colleagues, Media Home, In-store Where (Supermarkets), (Location) School/work Cravings for dessert, habit/routine (part of When their meal component), (Timing) losing weight, recalling/exposure to advertisement Information Search & Evaluation Purchase UsageOneself, Friends, Oneself, Family, Family, Media, Sales Oneself, Family Friends Promoter Home, in-store, school/work, points of interactions between fr iends/family, Internet Cravings (random discussion with friends/family and comparing brands) Supermarket, Anywhere (E. g. convenience Home, Work, stores, vending School) machine Sales promoters, Cravings, Habitual purchase Part of meals, liveliness like Snacking, When cravings arise Free samples, brand recall, cravings, How friends/family etc, Word of Mouth (Decision fruition of intrinsic Process) needs (importance of being healthy, going on a aliment etc)Cravings, Habitual purchase (when stock run low) To satisfy need, to satisfy oneself, to bang the product 16 8. Creative Strategy Central Theme for each one creative pass indications our Meiji yoghurt mascot. Our advertisements show situations in which our target audience encounters each day, where they are faced with issues such as not having sufficiency time and health-related issues. However, the advertisements will illustrate the office of Meijis yoghurt by simply adding it in their lives, they will have reasons to smi le. We want to illustrate how Meijis yoghurt, by being Creamier.Fruitier. Amazingly a-MEIJI-ng, it is a simple, inexpensive way to get through any good or bad days bring up Technique The message will show how simple lifes pleasures can be. The advertisement will be realistic and appeal to the emotional side, illustrating our understanding of the problems faced by our consumers. However, we want to put forward a positive message of how Meijis yoghurt inject fun, healthy and alert moments in their lives, and show them that the best of both world is served in a cup of Meijis yoghurt.Tone and Style Other advertisement simply tells the consumers the benefits their yoghurt brings, thus making the yoghurt advertisements in Singapore standardized and boring. We, on the other hand, want to show a genuine response that people can relate to The tone and style of the advertisement will be in modern settings. For our television advertisement, the music will be fun and lively, which will coinci de with our image.For our print advertisement, it will feature bright, lively work such as red, green, purple and yellow, to demonstrate our brand image. Tagline Creamier. Fruitier. Amazingly a-MEIJI-ng. 17 9. Media Strategy An integrated media campaign is primarily designed to encourage a change of perception amongst our target audience towards yoghurt consumption, thus by so doing, creating brand loyals. The media strategy will also address our thirdhand objective in heightening brand awareness and knowledge towards Meijis yoghurt.Primary Medium Television advertizement vehicle 1 Mediacorp Channel 5 Vehicle 2 Mediacorp Channel 8 Details Time body-build of Advertisement = 12 months Length of Advertisement = 15 seconds Timing of Advertisement = 1900 2200 (Prime Time, Daily) Reach 60% of Target Audience relative frequency o 2X a week for the first three months o 1X a week for subsequent two months o 1X in two weeks for remain months By using television advertising as our special median(a) of communication, we want to convey our message to the mass audience not however our target audience, but strikeing those who have a role in deciding as well.We want to create contexts people can relate to via our advertisements (Brandalyzer, 2012). These contexts will be based on the locations (ie where) and likelihood of occurrence identified in the BSM. Therefore, when consumers encounter a identical situation they will subconsciously pull in the advertisement theyve seen and connect with the brand, Meiji. There will be two versions of the advertisements, targeting our two demographic groups, broadcasted over a year with three varying frequencies. Examples of our storyboard can be found in Appendix D. 8 Our plan is consistent such that there is more frequent exposure in the initial months to establish a level of brand recognition and reduced frequency in the later period, as an aided reminder to create brand recall. Secondary Media Point-of-Purchase (P OP) Advertising Vehicle 3 In-store Media (eg shelf talker) Details Time Frame of Advertisement = 12 months Contents of POP display similar to other print advertisements Reach 35% of Target Audience frequence Throughout the campaignOur POP displays will be placed in larger distributing outlets (eg NTUC, Cold Storage) with two intentions firstly, to reinforce the brand image formed by the different advertisements and secondly, to trigger consumers to purchase Meijis yoghurt. The display will be an in-store media, in the form of a shelf talker, where it is attached to the shelf neighboring to the product (Koekemoer & Bird, 2004). With the POP display, we aim to draw the attention of shoppers to our product. concord to Koekemoer and Bird (2004), POP display plays a fairly significant role in influencing unplanned purchases.Therefore, it may be effective in stimulate a consumers need for Meijis yoghurt up to the final stage of his/her purchase decision. Internet Advertising (Web site) Vehicle 4 Creating a Microsite for Meijis Yoghurt Details Time Frame of Advertisement = 12 months Reach 70% of Target Audience oftenness Throughout the campaign Content Different Tabs (Product, FAQ, Recipes, Games, Contact, Gallery, Social Media, etc) 19 As part of our media strategy, we will be incorporating an online advertising element for Meiji by creating a microsite.The microsite will act as an online platform for interested consumers to bugger off out more about their yoghurt, which is lacking in their official website. From the BSM, we noticed how consumers normally obtain information (of yoghurts, being a low involvement product) through word-of-mouth. We plan to make information available online, and at the same time include interactional features that will engage these potential consumers. For instance, we can include videos to communicate the benefits of yoghurt in a non-boring manner or an interactive application that allows consumers to look questions.In doing so, we aim to change consumers perceptions towards yoghurt, creating a fun persona. Meiji yoghurts microsite will be modelled after(prenominal) Cadburys, seeing how theyve been very successful with developing microsite for various of their products http//www. cremeegg. co. uk/, http//www. cadburymagicalelves. com/grotto. html An example of our microsite for Meijis yoghurt can be found in Appendix F. discussionpaper Advertising Vehicle 5 Today Vehicle 6 myPaper (Wednesday Lifestyle) Details Full Colour coat of Advertisement ? page Reach 65% of Target Audience oftenness 1X a week every monthMeijis yoghurt will be advertised in both freesheets, which have an average of 250,000 copies distributed daily. With a high circulation rate, we can expect that there will be a positive effect on the rate of exposure our target audience, with seven in ten people reading the newspaper everyday (AsiaOne, 2010), 20 We have overlapped both newspaper and television advertising, with aim s of maximising our media coverage and indirectly, increasing the frequency or intensity of cravings (eg when our target audience feel the need to have a cup of yoghurt). A sample of our print advertisements can be seen in Appendix E. Magazine Advertising Vehicle 7 figure of speech Vehicle 8 Seventeen Vehicle 9 Her World Vehicle 10 manpowers Health Details Size of Advertisement Full Page Reach 70% of Target Audience Frequency 6X over a period of 12 months The team has shortlisted four clips to feature our print advertisements, as they are target audience specific. The magazines include modulate (for the health conscious), Seventeen (for the younger generation), Her World and Mens Health (for the working adults), which will be used to advertise our print media every alternate month throughout the year.According to AsiaOne (2010), readership in magazines continue to increase, like Her Worlds 246,000 or Mens Healths 114,000 readers. This will help achieve our objective in establi shing brand awareness. The magazine advertisements may act as a form of repeated exposure for Meiji and in the end create a strong brand image when consistently presented. Thus, any reader of the magazine, who may happen to be an initiator, influencer, decider, purchaser or user, may spread good word-of-mouth and perhaps arouse a need for yoghurt consumption for themselves or others. The media plan/schedule is presented in Appendix B. 1 10. Other IMC Activities Meiji will be using the following superfluous techniques to co-ordinate with the other communication mix elements. These activities will complement our primary medium and further enhance consumers brand awareness towards Meiji. Quick repartee Codes A survey by TNS revealed that 72% of Singaporeans are using smartphones, the worlds third highest smartphone penetration rate (Chua, 2011). With the advancement of technology and increasing numbers of smartphone users, resulting in the emerging trend of using Quick solution Cod es as a marketing tool.It will be embedded into printed advertisements, magazines, point-of-purchase and on the product itself. This is one cost effective way for Meiji to communicate and connect with their target audience. It also allows consumers to gain instant access to great amount information such as current promotions and events, directing them to companys website, Facebook, Twitter, youtube page, etc with just a snap. These social networking platforms increase the interaction between Meiji and their consumers which eventually improves customer satisfaction and enhances experience (Cepheid, 2011).Sales Promotion Sales promotion encourages new customers to try Meiji Yoghurt and increase the usage for current consumers by braggy incentive for their consumer, which could help in strengthening the relationship between the company and consumers. It has been shown that sales increase during periods that involve sales discounts or other promotions (ie a free gift included). These c ould be conveyed through printed advertisements in newspaper and magazine, QR codes and officious coupons. Consumers can flash the coupon on their smartphones to the cashier o obtain discounts or collect free gifts. The sales promotion will ending for a week, which will occur once every 3 months in order to ensure continued trial and purchase. 22 Public traffic Another technique will be using the media to convey the message the company want their target audience to know. Meiji will be send out press release like information about benefits of eating yoghurt (featuring Meiji Yoghurt), companys recent activities and events to a targeted range of newspapers and magazine publishers (i. e. Mind Your Body and Mens Health) for coverage.Public relations is a good and cost-effective way to advertise a product or brand as news and stories featured are seen to be more liable to the readers as compared advertisements. However, the company has no control on what will be reported and when the article will be published. Risk of misinterpretation and refutal may also occur. Viral Marketing Word-of-mouth is a effectual marketing tool as consumers usually trust friends and family members above experts when it comes to product and brand recommendations (R, 2008).Hence, viral marketing is one activity a company could execute to help them to reach their objectives. Our company will create an online campaign to generate buzz and excitement. Creative videos will be emplacemented on Meijis YouTube channel and embedded onto the companys website and Facebook page for the message to be spread. 23 11. Evaluation and Control In this report, there are various media chosen to create awareness and change the perception of Meiji yoghurt. It is important that we evaluate and measure the dominance of the media vehicles.In the given of 12 months period, the team will carry out a pre-testing evaluation method to determine whether we have achieved the objectives (Ramjee, 2009). Using this m ethod, the company can compare the before and after effects of implementing the media vehicles and either eliminate or make amendments. We have identified specific evaluation methods for each of the vehicle and a focus group to test all the vehicles. Sales promotion Pre- and post-test analysis of shelf blank space given by the retailer glitter the effectiveness of sales promotion as more shelf space given suggests a successful sales promotion Television advertisementPre, during and post evaluation of advertisements carried out through surveys by examining consumers perceptions of the advertisement and brand and the awareness level of the Meiji yoghurt (Neuez, 2003). Any shortcomings highlighted can be amended pronto to increase the effectiveness of the advertisements. Television advertisement ratings and awards able to know how many people have been exposed to the advertisement, based on the reach, track the awareness level of the advertisement (Nikerson, 2007) and nominations (ie Nielsen Superbrand, Singapore Advertising Hall of Fame etc), which suggests a positive liking from consumers. Point-of-Purchase (P. O. P) Advertisement Observe the sales figure on a weekly basis Using the sales figures prior and during the P. O. P advertisement period to trace if there is any extra sales generated and how much more sales had been generated (Liljenwall, 2004). 24 Print advertisement 1. Ask customers find out if they know the brand and how how they learn about the brand and product on a regular basis (Roggio, 2009) to test the effectiveness of the advertisement and the media vehicle, which verifies if they have used the right media vehicle. . 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Appendix A Model of Brand Loyalty for Generation Y 32 Appendix B Media Schedule/Plan Media/Months Jan Channel 5 / 8X 12 months Channel 8 / 8X 12 months POP Ad / 12 months Today / 4X 12 months myPaper / 4X 12 months Public Relations (Mind Your Body) Seventeen / 6 months Mens Health / 1X 6 months Shape / 1X 6 months Her World / 6 months QR Codes in Print Media Sales Promotion Feb 8X 8X Mar 8X 8X Apr 4X 4X May 4X 4X Jun 2X 2X Jul 2X 2X Aug 2X 2X family 2X 2X Oct 2X 2X Nov 2X 2X Dec 2X 2X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 1X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 4X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X 1X